Current Issue : January - March Volume : 2019 Issue Number : 1 Articles : 7 Articles
Background: To confirm levels and detection timing of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs)\nin the serum of a mouse model for diagnosis of ototoxicity, circulating miR-205 in the serum was\nevaluated to reflect damages in the cochlear microstructure and compared to a kidney injury model.\nMethod: A microarray for miRNAs in the serum was performed to assess the ototoxic effects\nof kanamycin-furosemide. Changes in the levels for the selected miRNAs (miR-205, miR-183,\nand miR-103) were compared in the serum and microstructures of the cochlea (stria vascularis,\norgan of Corti, and modiolus) between the ototoxicity and normal mouse groups. An acute kidney\ninjury (AKI) mouse model was used to assess changes in miR-205 levels in the kidney by ototoxic\ndrugs. Results: In the mouse model for ototoxicity, the serum levels of circulating miR-205 peaked on\nday 3 and were sustained from days 7â??14. Furthermore, miR-205 expression was highly expressed\nin the organ of Corti at day 5, continued to be expressed in the modiolus at high levels until day\n14, and was finally also in the stria vascularis. The serum miR-205 in the AKI mice did not change\nsignificantly compared to the normal group. Conclusions Circulating miR-205 from the cochlea, after\nototoxic damage, migrates through the blood vessels to organs, which is then finally found in blood.\nIn conditions of hearing impairment with ototoxic medications, detection of circulating miR-205 in\nthe blood can be used to determine the extent of hearing loss. In the future, inner ear damage can be\nidentified by simply performing a blood test before the hearing impairment due to ototoxic drugs....
The combination of polycythemia and plasma cell myeloma occurring concurrently is very rare and few cases have been reported\nin the literature. Further, the vast majority of these cases are cases of polycythemia vera and myeloma. Here, we present a case of\npolycythemia of undetermined etiology and myeloma. The patient is a 48-year-old Caucasian male who was originally diagnosed\nwith polycythemia of undetermined etiology. Twelve years later, when a bone marrow biopsy was performed in an attempt to\ndetermine the etiology of the polycythemia, findings diagnostic of plasma cellmyeloma were discovered. Subsequent serum studies\nwere also consistent with a plasma cell neoplasm, while evaluation for end-organ damage was negative. A battery of genetic and\nbiochemical tests ruled out various congenital polycythemias, leading to a final diagnosis of polycythemia of undetermined etiology\nand smouldering plasma cell myeloma. This case highlights that while being unusual, polycythemia and plasma cell myeloma can\noccur concurrently, and, in this report,we discuss both entities and potential mechanisms of the pathophysiology of the concurrent\npresentation....
IgG4-related disease is characterized by lymphoplasmacytic inflammation and fibrosis, often leading to mass-forming lesions\nin different organs. When IgG4-related disease affects the bile ducts, it is called IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis. A 74-\nyear-old male complained of dysphagia and abdominal pain. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and magnetic resonance\ncholangiography revealed bile duct changes suspicious of a bile duct carcinoma or cholangitis. Liver biopsy showed storiform\nfibrosis, lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, obliterative phlebitis, and a portal-based inflammatory nodule with expansion of a portal\ntract. Hot spots revealed 339 IgG4-positive cells per high power field (HPF) and an IgG4/IgG ratio of 72%. Eight months earlier,\nan inguinal lymph node had been removed, showing expanded interfollicular zones and increased plasma cells. Hot spots revealed\n593 IgG4-positive cells and an IgG4/IgG ratio of 92%.The serumIgG4 of the patient was elevated nearly 10 times upper limit of\nnormal. The diagnosis of IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis associated with IgG4-related lymphadenopathy was made. There was\ngood response to treatment with prednisolone and azathioprine. The differentiation of IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis from\nprimary sclerosing cholangitis and bile duct carcinoma is often difficult. Liver biopsy only rarely contributes to this setting, butwe\ndescribe and report in detail a case where liver biopsy showed a portal-based inflammatory nodule with the characteristic features\nof this disease....
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This study aims to explore the influence brought by the decrease degree in\nblood glucose during the period when diabetes patientsâ?? blood samples are\ncollected through fasting blood and sent to the laboratory for detection on the\naccuracy on blood glucose measurement. Methods: This study is conducted\nby detecting fasting blood glucose of 150 patients who came to our hospital\nfor physical examination and collecting their general information. Blood glucose\nconcentration is measured through centrifugation after blood samples\nare placed for 0 min, 60 min, 120 min and 180 min....
Background and objective: Foeniculum vulgare -Mill (Umlliferae), is widely\nused in the Arabian Peninsula for treating various human and animal diseases.\nThere is need to insure the safety of this plant as a remedy that could be\nused for a long time. This study aimed to determine the LD50 of the aerial\nparts of Foeniculum vulgare in mice, as well as to investigate its toxic pathological\neffects. Methodology: A total of eighty (80) albino mice of both sexes,\nweighing 25 - 30 g, were used in the present study. Ten (10) mice were used\nfor the determination of LD50 of Foeniculum vulgare in mice. Fifty (50) mice\nwere used in the acute toxicity, and twenty (20) mice were used to study the\nsubacute toxicity of the aerial parts of Foeniculum vulgare juice. Results: the\npresent results revealed that the LD50 of Foeniculum vulgare juice in mice was\n9.772 mg/kg/body weight (BW). On the other hand, mice received 0.9\nmg/kg/BW of Foeniculum vulgare juice intraperitoneally showed slightly\nclosed eyes intermittent convulsions itching of the nose and increased respiratory\nrate and abdominal movements. Histopathological examination of the\nliver showed hepatocytic degeneration and necrosis, congestion with perivascular\nmononuclear cell infiltrations and peribiliary mononuclear cell aggregations.\nWhereas the spleen of mice showed depletion of lymphocytes and mononuclear\nas well as multinuclear cells. The duodenum showed sub-epithelial\ncongested blood vessels, numerous areas of lymphocytic infiltrations and\nvascular and hydropic degeneration of epithelial cells lining the duodenal\nBrunnerâ??s glands. Moreover, the kidney showed degenerated tubular epithelial\ncells, congestion with excess of mononuclear cells, necrotic and desquamated\nepithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubules. The lung of mice\nshowed congestion, emphysema with variable degrees of mononuclear cell\ninfiltrations and peribronchial congested blood capillaries and mononuclear\ncell infiltration. Conclusion: It could be concluded that Foeniculum vulgare\njuice is toxic to mice when administered in a dose of 9.772 mg/kg/BW. However, the recommended dose for treatment could be less than 0.98 ml/kg BW.\n(1/10 of the LD50) of Foeniculum vulgare juice....
Sinonasal non-intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (non-ITAC) is a rare, morphologically diverse neoplasm of the head and neck.\nSquamoid morular metaplasia has recently been reported as an occasional finding in non-ITAC. Interestingly, these squamoid\nmorules often show aberrant expression of CDX2 as well as nuclear expression of ... catenin, similar to other tumors that show this\ntype of metaplasia, but the underlying mechanism responsible for this finding is not completely understood.We present two cases\nof low-grade non-ITAC with squamoid morules coexpressing CDX2 and nuclear ... catenin by immunohistochemistry, both of\nwhich were found to harbor a mutation in CTNNB1, the gene encoding ... catenin. This finding provides support that an alteration\nin the ... catenin pathway, including mutations in the ... catenin gene itself, is responsible for this recently described morphologic\nphenomenon in non-ITAC....
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